Traditional House in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the construction of the house symbolizes the division of the macrocosm into three regions: the upper world, the seat of deities and ancestors. The typical way of buildings in Southeast Asia is to build on stilts, an architectural form usually combined with a saddle roof. Another characteristic of Southeast Asian houses is the forked horn on the roof, which is considered to be a symbol of the buffalo, regarded throughout the region as a link between Heaven and this world. The most famous stilt houses of Indonesia are those of the Dayak in Borneo, the Minangkabau and Batak on Sumatra, and the Toraja on Sulawesi.

The Long Houses of the Dayak:

Long House - before 1920, Tumbang Malahui, Central Borneo.

The Dayak, some of the original inhabitants of Borneo, build long houses on stilts, using ironwood for the structure and tree bark for the walls; the floor are simple planks of wood placed side by side. The length of these houses was for the last century of 110 meters (over 360 feet) and today they generally range from 10 to 70 meters (33 to 230 feet).

On Borneo the long house forms a center for both social life and for rituals. Here people meet to talk after work, and its here the central ceremonies and rituals of the group are performed.In each long house is a central stilt or main post which is the first to be placed in position when the house is built. This post is associated with the ancestor who founded the house has a sacred signifiance; it stands in the center of the house and its looked on as the link between the underworld and the upper world. The long houses were often decorated with representations of water snakes and rhinoceros birds. They were connected with the group's central creation myth, for water snake is associated with the underworld and the rhinoceros bird with the upper world of the good spirits. The Houses of the Minangkabau: Rice store - Minangkabau architecture, Pagaruyung near Bukit Tinggi, Sumatra. The Minangkabau are the Malaysian people who lives in the Padang highlands of Sumatra (west of Sumatra). Typical of the houses of the Minangkabau are the distinctive roofs, which look like buffalo horns. The word "Minangkabau" can actually be interpreted as a compound of the words menang (win) and kerbau (buffalo). This derives from a local legends that people relates that a buffalo fight was arranged by the locals and the people of the influential kingdom of Majapahit (eastern Java). The loacls'buffalo was the winner and since that time they have called themselves the "buffalo winners", Minangkabau, as a proud testament to their strength and courage. The houses are called rumah gadang (large house) and are not inhabited by differents families, but by three or four generations who come from one ancestor and thus a rumah gadang is also a family unit, and each of the Minangkabau identifies completely with his or her own rumah gadang. The rumah gadang has three main areas: immediately after the entrance comes a middle ares (rumah tongah), where there is normally a central post; adjoining this the anjuang, and the bedrooms (biliak). Opposite the anjuang is the kitchen and in front of that a large space (pangkalan), where visitors are received. While the long house is a meeting place for all, therumah gadang is essentially a women's area; none of the men spends much time in the house with his mother or his wife, and the biliak (bedrooms) are seen as room of the house reflects a woman's life cycle, and forms a journey from the central post to the anjuang, then the biliak, and lastly to the kitchen. The Houses of the Batak: The Batak, who live in north Sumatra, are divided into six ethnic groups. Two Bataks races, the Mandailing and the Angkola Batak, became Muslim in the middle of the 19th century, and Toba Batak were converted to Christianity in 1864 by the German Rheinisch Missionary Society. The others kept their native religion, though there have been converts to Islam and Christianity more recently. "The houses of the Toba and Karo are recognizable by their massive style of building construction, which is suited to the way the inhabitants settled more and less permanently. The stilt house is an eminently pratical form of architecture for life in the tropics. Unfortunately, the Toba Batak houses are no longer being built. Earlier, rice stores (sopo) were a part of the traditional house, the rumah adat. The sopo were very important as status symbols.The ornaments put onto the external walls of the house are meant to drive away evil influences. These ornaments consist of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic representations, carved decorative ornaments, and wall paintings. The colors used are natural colors, the most iportant being red (from red clay), white (from chalk), and black (from charcoal), which respectively represent the three spheres of the cosmos: the human world, the world of good spirits above, and the underworld. Batak house - Rumah adat, Lake Toba on the Island of Samosir. The Houses of the Toraja: The ethnic groups in the mountain regions of southwest and central Sulawesi (Celebes) are known by the name of Toraja, which has come to mean "those who live upstream" or "those who live in the mountains". Their name is in fact derived fromRaja, which in Sanskrit means "king". The society is hierarchically structured: the noblemen are called rengnge, the ordinary people to makaka, and the slaves to kaunan; birth determines which rank a person will occupy. The distinctive features of the traditional houses (tongkonan) of the Toraja are the "buffalo horns", the roof design and the rich decoration on the walls. The buffalo is a symbol of status, courage, strength and fighting spirit.Designed as a representation of the universe, the tongkonan is constructed in three parts: the upper world (the roof), the world of humans (the middle of the building), and the underworld (the space under the floor). The highly distinctive roofs constructed by the Toraja have given rise to various ingenious interpretations. Certainly the roof is something of deep significance for the Toraja, and even today they build "modern" (in other words houses built with cement) houses with such roofs. A tongkonan - Toraja area, Sulawesi (Celebes).

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Indonesia Typical Food Known Throughout Asia

1. Gado-Gado

Gado-gado is one of the foods that come from Indonesia in the form of vegetables are boiled and blended into one, with a seasoning or sauce of crushed peanuts with sliced ​​egg and fried onions sprinkled on top. Slightly fried chips or crackers (some are taking prawn crackers) are also added. Gado-gado can be eaten just like a salad with herbs / peanut sauce, but can also be eaten with white rice or sometimes also served with rice cake.

2. Sate

Sate or satay or sometimes written satai is a food made from pieces of meat (chicken, goat, lamb, beef, pork, fish, etc.) are cut into small pieces, and pin with satay puncture is usually made ​​of bamboo, then burnt using charcoal embers. Sate is then served with a variety of seasonings (depends on satay recipe variations).

3. Bakso

Meatballs or meatball is a ball kind of meat is most prevalent in Indonesian cuisine. Meatballs are generally made from a mixture of ground beef and tapioca flour, but there are also meatballs made ​​from chicken, fish, or shrimp. In this presentation, the meatballs are generally served hot with a clear beef broth, mixed with noodles, rice noodles, bean sprouts, tofu, sometimes eggs, sprinkled with fried onions and celery. The meatballs are very popular and can be found throughout Indonesia, from street vendor carts to restaurants. Different types of meatballs now much on offer in the form of frozen foods sold in supermarkets and shopping malls. Sliced ​​meatballs can also be used as a complement to other foods such as fried noodles, fried rice, chop suey or.

4. Siomay

In Indonesia there are many different types of cuisines siomai variations based on meat for the contents, ranging from mackerel fish siomai, chicken, shrimp, crab, or a mixture of chicken and shrimp. Materials for the contents mixed with sago or tapioca. Siomai also no longer wrapped in the skin of the wheat flour. Chicken eggs and vegetables such as potatoes, bitter melon, and cabbage to the content or no content is also served in a dish together siomai. Tofu Meatballs (fill out) also belong to the kind of siomai. Dumpling (siomai bandung) served after flushing bean sauce made ​​from crushed peanuts and diluted with water. Condiments to include chili bean sauce, sugar, garlic, salt, and vinegar or lemon juice. As presented, siomai be given additional soy sauce, chili sauce bottle, or tomato sauce.

5. Ketoprak

Ketoprak is one kind of Indonesian food using a diamond that is easy to find. Usually diamond sold using a stroller on the streets or on the sidewalk. Its main components are know, rice noodles, cucumber, bean sprouts, and can also use boiled egg that comes with peanut sauce, soy sauce, and a sprinkling of fried onions. Can also be served with crackers or chips melinjo added. Several versions of some are included as a component tempeh.

6. Gudeg

Gudeg (Javanese gudheg) is the typical food of Yogyakarta and Central Java which is made from young jackfruit cooked in coconut milk. It took many hours to make this dish. Brown color is usually produced by teak leaves are cooked together. Gudeg eaten with rice and served with thick coconut milk (areh), chicken, eggs, tofu and sambal goreng krecek.

7. Pecel Lele

Pecel catfish (or Pecek catfish) in Indonesia is the name of a food made from catfish. Usually the question is dried catfish fried in oil and then served with sambal vegetables. Ordinary vegetables consists of basil, cabbage, cucumbers, beans and chili.

8. Nasi Kuning

Yellow rice is a typical Indonesian food. The food is made from rice cooked with turmeric and coconut milk and spices. With the addition of spices and coconut milk, yellow rice has a more savory flavor than white rice. Yellow rice is one variation of the white rice is often used as a cone. Yellow rice usually served with various side dishes typical of Indonesia. In the tradition of Indonesia rice color yellow symbolizes gold mountain meaningful wealth, prosperity and morality. Therefore yellow rice is often served at Thanksgiving events and happy events such as birth, marriage and fiance. In Balinese tradition, the color yellow is one of the four sacred colors available, in addition to white, red and black. Yellow rice therefore often used in ceremonial brass dish.

9. Nasi Goreng

Fried rice in Indonesia and in other countries can have its own variations depending on the region of origin and ingredients or materials used. This variation is usually influenced by the foods commonly used local herbs and spices influence from neighboring countries, foreign ethnic or cultural influence that comes built-into the country.

10. Soto Betawi

Soto Betawi is a popular soup in the Jakarta area. Just as soto soto Madura and eldest, soto Betawi also use jerohan. In addition to bowel, often other organs are also included, such as eyes, torpedo, and also the heart.

By : Friska Aprilda

Indonesia, the hardest language to three in Asia and 15 in the World

Without us suspect turns Indonesian is the hardest language to 3 in Asia. We should be very proud of this. Moreover, it turns out Indonesian studied in 45 countries.

Although the terms of the rest of Indonesia is still not able to say much, it turns out that our language is more recognized worldwide. Many cultures in Indonesia frequently makes other nations envy and want to study it, and some even claimed / claims it was his culture.

Actually Indonesia can be the most perfect in terms of nature and culture. All there is in Indonesia, ranging from different languages​​, cultural, culinary, natural resources, tourism, climate, strategic location, etc..

Here are some facts that we should be proud to use the Indonesian language, according to the director General of Information and Public Diplomacy Department of Foreign Affairs Andri Hadi at the plenary session of the Congress IX Indonesian,

"Currently there are 45 countries that exist to teach Indonesian, such as Australia, America, Canada, Vietnam, and many other countries," he said. Take the example of Australia, Andri Hadi explained, in Australia Indonesian became the fourth popular language.

There are about 500 schools to teach Indonesian. In fact, children 6th grade elementary school there who can speak Indonesian. "

Moreover according to Kompas, the Indonesian language is the second language in Vietnam.

Here's his quote. "JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com-Government-Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, announced a second language Indonesian official, said an Indonesian diplomat.

"Indonesian aligned with English, French and Japanese as a second language a priority," said Consul General in Ho Chi Minh City, Irdamis Ahmad.

Universities there are also held in the Indonesian language speech contest, essay contest about Indonesia and cultural exhibits. Hong Bang University, National University of HCMC University of Social and Humanities open study Indonesian.

  "The number of students enrolled as many as 63 people and according to these universities, interest in learning Indonesian is likely to increase," said Irdamis.
Even according to the Indonesian language Wikipedia was ranked 26 in the world and the hardest to 3 in Asia. "Wikipedia Indonesia is now ranked 26 out of 250 foreign-language Wikipedia world.

While in Asia, we are third, after Japan and the Chinese, "said Ivan Lanin, activist number increasing number, in Jakarta.

According to the study a language institute in the world, in terms of grammar and complex languages ​​that are considered very difficult in the world are
1. Hebrew (Jewish language)
2. Greek
3. Latin
4. Japanese
5. Korean language

While Indonesian itself is rated 15 in the world. There is the possibility of Indonesian would be better known and used in Asia, even the world.

Hopefully, it can happen, just imagine if Indonesia became the language of Asia, and even international language, certainly many positive effects that can be achieved from it.
 

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Tradition Cut Finger In Papua

Is the expression of grief displayed by someone who lost family members. Crying, perhaps it is the most frequently encountered. For the general public, and especially the middle Wamena expression of grief from loss of a family member not only to cry alone.

Usually they would smear themselves with mud for a period of time. But what makes them different from culture to culture most of the tribes in other areas are cut off their fingers.
Almost the same as what is done by the Yakuza (the militant organization known in Japan) if they have violated the rules set by the organization or fail to execute their mission.As an expression of remorse, they shall cut off one of their fingers. For the people of the central highlands, cutting fingers do when family members such as husband, wife, father, mother, child, brother, or sister died. Cutting finger symbolizes sorrow and pain when losing a beloved family member.
The phrase is so profound, even to lose a limb. For the people of the central highlands, the family has a very important role. For the people Balim Jayawijaya togetherness in a family has its own values​​.

 

Cutting finger is generally done by the mother. But do not rule out cutting the finger carried by family members of the elderly male or female.
Cutting finger can also be interpreted as an attempt to prevent the 'recurrence' catastrophe that has claimed the lives of someone in the family who are grieving.

Like the story of a mother from Moni (a tribe in the Paniai region), he told me that his little finger bitten by his mother when he was born. It had to be done by the mother because of some children who were born before always died. By deciding the right little finger had just given birth to the child, the mother hopes that what happened to the children not previously happened to the baby. This sounds very eksrim, but in fact is the case, a woman from Moni has given many grandchildren and great-grandchildren to the mother.
 Cutting finger done in various ways. There is a cut finger by using sharp tools such as knives, machetes or axes. Another way is to tie a piece of string with a finger for some time so that the network is bound to be dead and then cut.

But now the culture of 'cut finger' is deprecated. now rarely encountered people who did several decades.Which can still be encountered today are those who've done it long ago. This is caused by the influence of religion who has signed up to a remote area in Papua.

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The mysteries that exist in Indonesia Presidential Palace

Superstition or not, Presidential palaces in Indonesia saving mysteries. Is there really a 'gatekeepers' in several rooms of the palace, or indeed 'accidentally' put to fence off the surrounding area? This is the story so far recorded.

1. Bogor State Palace

On one occasion, a group of participants of upgrading an agency visit to Bogor Palace.

Once upon a time there was a happy participant upgrading nosy. When looking at a bronze statue of intangible woman naked, with a laugh he put the fur wool, rontokaan of the carpet in the forbidden statue.

The next day he was taken aback when finding similar feathers in his pocket. Because they think there are people who are menjailinya, he immediately gave improper comments.

Came during a meal, for no apparent reason he choked, coughed up. Surprisingly so removed from the throat which is ingested fur rug. Rather than give up, he challenged "anyone" that bothered him. Sure enough on the night he was heard screaming with fear. According to his testimony, he will be attacked by a horrible creature.

First, Mrs. Hartini Sukarno had Bogor palace say that there are "residents". He once saw a guest invisible when entering the President's Room. This place is famous for supposedly haunted.
2. Cipanas State Palace


Cipanas Presidential Palace located Pacet district, Cianjur, foot of Mount Gede in West Java. We can see it on the way to the peak of Cipanas.

The palace was founded in 1740 by a Dutch landowner named Van Heots, at an altitude of 1,100 meters above sea level, on an area of ​​approximately 26 acres with a building area of ​​about 7760 square meters.

In 1916, during the reign of the Dutch East Indies in the wake of three buildings with names Pavilion Yudhisthira, Bhima Pavilion and the Pavilion Arjuna. In 1954, in the first Indonesian President Ir. Sukarno, established a building stone jewelery shaped bumps.

Because the old building, the palace is quite spooky apparition is often seen with the surrounding community.
3. State Palace Yogyakarta


A psychic (who remain anonymous) never asked for help by Paspampres (Presidential Security) because often a disruption spirits. Once seen by the paranormal, things that are considered disturbing power of the book comes from a floating opera is unseen around the palace.

Formerly named the Great House Loji Kebon, European-style building that also was founded in 1824. At certain moments often marching soldiers voice that is not visible.
4. Jakarta State Palace


Perhaps, at the presidential palace - better known as the Independence Palace - is the many stories about sightings and other strange mysteries.

a. Inayah, daughter of Alm. Gus Dur, was used to hearing weird sounds, or television in a position to die suddenly switch itself.
b. Often heard voices of people playing music in the bathroom in front of the National Palace kitchen. Exactly on the left wing palace, near the office staff the Presidency.
c. It is said that in early 2012 a lot of strange things happen. The most shocking breakup marble table that has been the base of President signed the appointment letter aides, suddenly broke.

This incident really does not make sense. Marble shattered, like hit a hard object. Though it classy marble, the older the stronger.


Marble table shattered shortly after President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) to sign a document Albert Hasibuan appointment as a member of the Presidential Advisory Council for Human rights Jimly Assidiqie replace. This incident led President Yudhoyono and Vice President Boediono shocked. Likewise, the guests and the Minister of the United Indonesia Cabinet II who attended the event.

The distance between the president with a marble table about two feet. The table was broken when removed Paspampres (Presidential Security) about to be moved, as it enters the delivery session congratulations.

When Paspamres lift table, braaaak ... white marble table with a thickness of 2 cm over shattered. President of the pen used to sign the appointment papers Albert, scattering debris along with marble.

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This is 5 names of Soekarno in the world

Soekarno name is known fragrance in the world. As the first President of the Republic of Indonesia, and his skill at playing politics in the international world, a new spirit for the countries of Asia and Africa in the past for free. Friend and foe alike made ​​shy by his views. As a result, a series of praise and grace pinned on Sukarno himself into various manifestations. These collect 5 of them:

1. Soekarno Blue Mosque, St. Petersburg

In the communist countries of the Soviet Union, Soekarno name is very well known. Not only regarded as a friend in the Cold War against the West axis, but also as a Muslim president give a "blessing" some Muslims in the country hammer and sickle. It all started when the president in 1955 ago, a visit to the second largest city in Russia this. At that time, Soekarno was enjoying the beautiful city of St. Petersburg, founded by Peter the Great in the 17th century. From inside the car, Soekarno glimpse see a building that is unique and second to none, he learned later, the mosque has become an arsenal.

After two days enjoying the beauty of the city of St. Petersburg which was then still called Leningrad, Soekarno flew to Moscow for high-level talks to discuss the future of bilateral cooperation and other key positions in the Cold War continues to mount. In that meeting Soekarno threw his disappointment at the Soviet ruler Nikita Khrushchev iron curtain, she saw about a beautiful mosque. A week after the visit is over. A good news coming from the center of power, the Kremlin in Moscow. A local government officials reported that the only mosque in Leningrad who had a warehouse after the revolution Bolshevic can be opened again for worship of Muslims, without any conditions. The messenger also does not give any reason why it can all shred happen. However, Muslims to this day are very grateful and believe that Sukarno person behind all this. So no wonder if the Muslims in St. Petersburg calling this mosque as the Blue Mosque Soekarno.

2. Jalan Ahmad Soekarno in Egypt

The highlight harmony between RI - Egypt, occurs when the two countries led by Ir. Sukarno of Indonesia and Gammal Abdul Nasser of Egypt. To note, the first President of Indonesia is known in Egypt by the name of Ahmad Sukarno. The addition of the name of Ahmad performed by Indonesian students in Egypt to strengthen Islamic shades that attract the attention of the Egyptian people that the President of Indonesia is Muslim, uniform with the name of the Vice President who initiated the name of Mohammad, Mohammad Hatta full. Both (Ahmad and Muhammad) are Islamic names.

Noted, six times the pharaoh's Soekarno menggunjungi country. In addition, his friendship with Nasser and activities both as initiators in the Asia-Africa Conference, the President made ​​a name so sweet in the eyes of the government and the Egyptian people, so be immortalized as the name of the street in Egypt. Roads adjacent to Sudan, Kit-Kat Regional Geiza Agouza. This road can be reached from the students at al-Hay al-Asyir (Sector 10) Madinat al-Nasr (Nasr City) by riding the green bus number 109 and 167.

3. Jalan Soekarno in Marocco

If there is a street named in Jakarta, Casablanca, a famous city in Morocco, then in Morocco there are also street names smelling Indonesia. Unmitigated name of the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, 'dicatut' became the name of the street in the capital of Morocco, Rabat. Apparently impressed with the figure of Sukarno Morocco. Street name was officially inaugurated by the Bung Karno with King Mohammed V as his visit to Morocco on May 2, 1960. Name the course of the time: 'sharia Al-Rais Ahmed Sukarno' is now well known as Rue Sukarno. The street is adjacent to the central post office Morocco.

The choice of the name of Soekarno, because Soekarno was the originator of the Asian-African Conference (KAA) in 1955. The name was chosen in honor of President Soekarno. As is known, the KAA is now beginning to be felt by the participating countries, including Morocco itself. As a form of friendship the two nations, in Jakarta ever we meet with the name of the street Jalan Casablanca.

4. Jalan Soekarno in Pakistan

Pakistan so respect Bung Karno. There are two places in Pakistan which he named after the Soekarno Square Khyber Bazar, Peshawar, and Sukarno Bazar, Lahore. Naming is not separated from the Soekarno lunge both countries. Pakistan is reluctant to figure Bung Karno. Even to this day still remember Pakistan military service that sends Bung Karno Navy patrolling the sea south Pakistan as the conflict heats up between Pakistan and India in 1965. Conversely, the founder of Pakistan Quaid Azzam Ali Jinnah had asked the Dutch hold the whole plane stopped in Pakistan in 1947, when the Dutch wanted to invade Indonesia.

The Indonesian government also appreciated the services of Pakistani soldiers, who joined the group when it was an ally. Groups of hundreds of Pakistani troops that had been ordered to attack Indonesia in Surabaya when allies until November 1945. But they rebelled and chose to fight on the side of Indonesia. From a total of 600 soldiers of Pakistan, as many as 500 people died in Surabaya. In August 1995, Indonesia gave medals Independence War Awards to Pakistan's army.

5. Stamps Soekarno in Cuba

In 2008, the Cuban government issued a series of stamps Bung Karno with Fidel Castro and one of the Argentine-born Cuban guerrilla leader Che Guevara. Historical and patriotic stamps worth it, issued to commemorate the diplomatic relations between the two countries, as well as with regard to the celebration of the 80th anniversary of Fidel Castro.

 

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Actually Krakatoa Shape

A quarter century ago, in 1883, an erupting volcano in the Sunda Strait. Mount Krakatau (Krakatoa call Westerners) who was hung on the island of Krakatoa spewed his anger with power of 200 megatons of TNT equivalent. Just so you know, the amount of TNT is equivalent to 13.000 times the Little Boy, the atomic bomb that crushes Hiroshima in Japan in 1945. Really devastating.
Krakatoa blast awesomeness can be seen also from the number of deaths. A total of 36.417 people dying because of wrath, 165 settlements disappeared from the surface of the earth, and destroyed 132 villages devastated. Krakatoa eruption also triggered a tsunami that was to Hawaii and the U.S. West coast, a distance that for many people have never seen before because so far. The ship was in South Africa is said to crashing because of the tsunami that comes from the tip of Java island.
There is another record set Krakatoa: sound blast was heard even in the East Perth within 3.110 kilometers and on the west side residents in Rodrigues near Mauritius within 5.000 kilometers could hear the "sigh" Krakatoa. This means about one eighth of the planet Earth could be heard raging mighty Krakatau.

After the explosion, the planet was covered in dark ash that covered the atmosphere vulaknis. Sunlight can not penetrate the thick dust flying. Just so you know, Krakatoa spewed 25 cubic kilometers of rock and ash into the air. Well, like going to the apocalypse.
The images adorn this entry is from the Illustrated London News published on 8 September 1883 (you can buy a replica of the front page of the paper for $ 184 dollars on Amazon). Meanwhile, in 1927 a mountain "appears" born of the former location of Mount Krakatoa. He called Anak Krakatau.